Role of TiF4 in Microleakage of Silorane and Methacrylate-based Composite Resins in Class V Cavities.

AIM: This study investigated the effect of TiF4 solution pretreat-ment on microleakage of silorane and nanofilled methacrylate-based composites in class V cavities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight intact premolar teeth were randomly allocated to four groups of 12 teeth. Restorative techniques after standard class V tooth preparations were as follows: Group 1, Filtek P90 composite; group 2, Filtek Z350 XT; group 3, TiF4 solution pretreatment and Filtek P90 composite; group 4, TiF4 solution pretreatment and Filtek Z350 XT. After storing the specimens in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours and followed by immersion of the specimens in a 0.5% basic-fuchsin solution for 24 hours, they were sectioned buccolingually to obtain four surfaces for each specimen for analysis of microleakage using a stereomicroscope. Data analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test to compare the four groups and the Mann-Whitney test for paired comparisons with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17 software. RESULTS: At the enamel margins, microleakage score of the Filtek Z350 XT group was lower than those of the Filtek P90 with and without the application of the TiF4 (p = 0.009 and p = 0.031 respectively). At the dentin margins, groups 3 and 4 (TiF4+Filtek P90 and TiF4+Filtek z350 XT respectively) showed significantly lower microleakage than group 1 (Filtek P90). However, there was no significant difference between other groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: At the enamel margins, microleakage score of the silorane-based composite was more than that of the nanofilled composite. No significant differences were observed between the other groups. At the dentin margins, for the silorane-based composite restorations, TiF4 solution pretreatment resulted in significantly lower microleakage. However, the similar result was not observed for Filtek Z350 XT. Also, no significant difference was observed between microleakage scores of Filtek P90 and Filtek Z350 XT with or without TiF4 pretreatment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: In spite of better mechanical and physical properties of modern composites than earlier methacrylate-based composites, polymerization shrinkage has been remaining as one of the main shortcomings of them. Different methods, such as using new low shrinkage resin composites and different dentin pretreatments, have been suggested to overcome this problem. This study evaluated the effect of TiF4 as pretreatment on microleakage of class V tooth preparations restored with a nanocomposite and a silorane-based resin composite.

The contribution of distance learning to the knowledge of nursing lecturers regarding assessment of chronic wounds / Contribuição da educação a distância para o conhecimento de docentes de enfermagem sobre avaliação de feridas crônicas / Contribución de la educación a distancia para el conocimiento de docentes de enfermería sobre evaluación de heridas crónicas

OBJECTIVE: to identify the contribution made by a refresher course on the assessment of chronic wounds, offered through the Moodle virtual learning environment (VLE), to the knowledge relating to this issue of nursing lecturers and nurses linked to higher education. METHOD: a prospective, quasi-experimental study, with data collection before and after the educational intervention. The study was undertaken in three stages using the Moodle VLE. The sample was made up of 28 participants who answered the pre-test on the knowledge, devised in accordance with international guidelines on chronic wounds. Afterwards, the refresher course was offered (intervention) and was accessed in accordance with individuals' schedules, during the established time period. At the end of the course, 26 participants answered the post-test. Those who did not participate in the post-tests were excluded from the study, as it is pairwise analysis of the sample. RESULT: the participants obtained, on average, 55.5% of correct answers in the pre-test on their knowledge, and 73.4% in the post-test, this difference being statistically significant. There was a negative correlation between the time of experience in lecturing and the performance in the test on their knowledge. CONCLUSION: the participation in the online refresher course contributed to improving the lecturers' performance in the test on their knowledge, in relation to the recommendations for assessing chronic wounds, based in scientific evidence. .

OBJETIVO: identificar a contribuição de um curso de atualização sobre a avaliação de feridas crônicas, oferecido pelo Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) Moodle, para o conhecimento de docentes de enfermagem e enfermeiros vinculados ao ensino superior, acerca da temática. MÉTODO: estudo prospectivo, quase-experimental, com coleta de dados antes e após intervenção educativa. O estudo foi desenvolvido em três etapas, através do AVA Moodle. A amostra foi composta por 28 participantes, que responderam ao pré-teste de conhecimento, elaborado de acordo com diretrizes internacionais sobre feridas crônicas. Após, o curso de atualização foi oferecido (intervenção) e acessado conforme programação individual, durante prazo estabelecido. Ao término do curso, 26 participantes responderam ao pós-teste. Aqueles que não participaram do pós-teste foram excluídos do estudo, por tratar-se da análise pareada da amostra. RESULTADO: os participantes obtiveram, em média, 55,5% de acertos no pré-teste de conhecimento, e 73,4%, no pós-teste, sendo essa diferença estatisticamente significante. Houve correlação negativa entre o tempo de experiência na docência e o desempenho no teste de conhecimento. CONCLUSÃO: a participação no curso de atualização on-line contribuiu para melhor desempenho dos docentes no teste de conhecimentos, sobre as recomendações para avaliação de feridas crônicas, com embasamento em evidência científicas. .

OBJETIVO: identificar la contribución de un curso de actualización sobre la evaluación de heridas crónicas, ofrecido por el ambiente virtual de aprendizaje (AVA) Moodle, para el conocimiento de docentes de enfermería y enfermeros vinculados a la enseñanza superior, acerca de la temática. MÉTODO: estudio prospectivo, casi experimental, con recolección de datos antes y después de la intervención educativa. El estudio fue desarrollado en tres etapas a través del AVA Moodle. La muestra fue compuesta por 28 participantes, que respondieron a la preprueba de conocimiento, elaborada de acuerdo con directrices internacionales sobre heridas crónicas. Después, el curso de actualización fue ofrecido (intervención) y accedido conforme programación individual, durante un plazo establecido. Al término del curso, 26 participantes respondieron a la postprueba. Aquellos que no participaron de la postprueba, fueron excluidos del estudio, por tratarse de un análisis pareado de la muestra. RESULTADOS: los participantes obtuvieron, en promedio, 55,5% de aciertos en la preprueba de conocimiento, y 73,4%, en la postprueba, siendo esa diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Hubo correlación negativa entre el tiempo de experiencia en la docencia y el desempeño en la prueba de conocimiento. CONCLUSIÓN: la participación en el curso de actualización on-line contribuyó para mejorar el desempeño de los docentes en la prueba de conocimientos sobre las recomendaciones para evaluación de heridas crónicas, con base en evidencia científicas. .

Solubility of two resin composites in different mouthrinses.

AIM: This study aimed to compare the solubility of a universal restorative resin composite (Filtek Z250; FZ250) and a silorane-based resin composite (Filtek Silorane; FS) after immersion in alcohol-containing mouthrinse, alcohol-free mouthrinse, and artificial saliva. METHODS: 30 discs (10 mm × 1 mm) were prepared from each material and desiccated until a constant mass was obtained. Specimens were immersed in the test solutions for two days and desiccated again. Solubility was calculated based on the change in weight of each specimen before and after immersion. Data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's Post Hoc test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: Solubility values for both resin composites were the highest in the alcohol-containing mouthrinse. FZ250 showed greater solubility than FS; the difference was only significant in artificial saliva. CONCLUSION: Both resin-composite materials tested exhibited some degree of solubility in each of the test solutions. The use of an alcohol-free mouthrinse may be preferable for patients with extensive composite restorations.

Análise da citoxicidade e do grau de conversão de resinas compostas de metacrilato e de silorano / Analysis of the cytotoxicity and the degree of conversion of composite resins based methacrylate and silorane

Compósitos a base de Silorano vêm apresentando bons resultados mecânicos em diversos estudos laboratoriais, mas pouco se sabe ainda sobre seus efeitos sobre as células do tecido gengival e seu grau de conversão. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a viabilidade celular e o grau de conversão de uma resina composta a base de silorano (Filtek P90- 3M ESPE) e de três resinas convencionais de metacrilato (Filtek Z350XT- 3M ESPE; Filtek Z100- 3M e Filtek Z250-3M ESPE), todas fotopolimerizadas por 20 ou 40 segundos pelo LED (Flash lite DISCUS), em cultura primária de fibroblastos gengivais. Avaliou-se também se existe correlação entre grau de conversão e viabilidade celular...